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Seoul to Keep Japan Intel Pact 11/22 06:15
In a major policy reversal, South Korea said Friday it has decided to
continue, at least temporarily, a 2016 military intelligence-sharing agreement
with Japan that it previously said it would terminate amid ongoing tensions
over wartime history and trade.
SEOUL, South Korea (AP) -- In a major policy reversal, South Korea said
Friday it has decided to continue, at least temporarily, a 2016 military
intelligence-sharing agreement with Japan that it previously said it would
terminate amid ongoing tensions over wartime history and trade.
The announcement, made just six hours before the agreement was to expire,
followed a strong U.S. push to save the pact, which has been a major symbol of
the countries' three-way security cooperation in the face of North Korea's
nuclear threat and China's growing influence.
The office of South Korean President Moon Jae-in said it decided to suspend
the effect of the three months' notice it gave in August to terminate the
agreement after Tokyo agreed to reopen talks on settling their trade dispute.
But Kim You-geun, deputy director of South Korea's presidential national
security office, said the move was based on the premise that South Korea could
end the arrangement at any time, tying it to the outcome of future negotiations
with Japan.
Kim also said South Korea decided to halt a complaint it filed with the
World Trade Organization over Japan's tightened controls on exports of key
chemicals that South Korean companies use to make computer chips and displays.
Japan's trade ministry said it decided to resume discussions with South
Korea on their dispute over the export controls after Seoul informed it of its
plan to halt its WTO action. Yoichi Iida, a Japanese trade official, said Tokyo
has no immediate plan to ease the controls.
"Coordination and cooperation between Japan and South Korea, and trilateral
cooperation among Japan, the U.S. and South Korea, are extremely important in
our response to North Korea," Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said. "That's
the point we have made repeatedly. I believe South Korea made its decision from
such a strategic perspective."
South Korean Foreign Minister Kang Kyung-wha said Seoul considered its
relations and cooperation with the United States before deciding to extend the
agreement with Japan. She said the decision "buys some more time" to settle the
trade dispute.
A senior South Korean presidential official, who refused to be named during
a background briefing, said he expects the talks with Japanese officials to
also include discussions on Tokyo's decision to remove South Korea from a list
of favored trading partners, which Seoul wants reversed.
The military agreement is automatically extended every year unless either
country notifies the other 90 days in advance of its intention to terminate it,
a deadline that fell in August.
Washington had no immediate reaction to Seoul's announcement.
Most South Korean analysts had anticipated that the Moon government would
let the agreement expire, saying there was no clear way for Seoul to renew it
without losing face.
Some saw the Trump administration's public demands for South Korea to
reverse the key diplomatic decision as a profound lack of respect for an ally.
The squabble over the Seoul-Tokyo pact came at a delicate time for the
alliance between the United States and South Korea. The two countries have
struggled to deal with North Korea's growing nuclear and missile threat while
squabbling over defense costs.
In a rare public display of discord between the allies, U.S. negotiators on
Wednesday cut short a Seoul meeting with South Korean officials over
disagreements on how much South Korea should increase its contribution to
covering the costs of maintaining the American military presence on its soil.
South Korean officials say the administration of President Donald Trump has
been demanding a "drastic" increase that they find unacceptable.
There's also concern that Trump, after already suspending major U.S.-South
Korean military exercises he described as "ridiculous and expensive," may seek
to reduce the U.S. military presence in South Korea to accommodate a deal with
North Korean leader Kim Jong Un.
South Korea's August declaration that it would terminate the General
Security of Military Intelligence Agreement, or GSOMIA, with Japan came shortly
after Tokyo removed its neighbor from a "white list" of countries receiving
preferential treatment in trade.
South Korea saw Tokyo's move, which followed the strengthened controls on
technology exports to South Korea, as retaliation over political disputes
stemming from Japan's use of Koreans for forced labor before the end of World
War II.
But following unusually blunt criticism from Washington, which said Seoul's
decision could hurt the security of its Asian allies and increase risks to U.S.
troops stationed there, South Korea said it could continue the military
agreement if Japan restores its status as a favored trade partner.
It seemed neither country was ready to budge from its position after
last-minute meetings between their diplomats and military officials over the
past week ended without any apparent breakthrough.
Go Myong-Hyun, an analyst at the Seoul-based Asan Institute for Policy
Studies, said South Korea was pressured by the United States to make a decision
that nonetheless benefits its security. However, it's clear Seoul and Tokyo
aren't fully out of the woods in their dispute, he said.
It's unclear whether Japan will make major concessions on trade unless the
countries find a way to settle disputes over South Korean court rulings that
Japanese companies must provide reparations to aging South Korean plaintiffs
for forced labor during World War II, which probably won't be soon.
Tokyo insists that all compensation matters were settled by a 1965 treaty
that normalized relations between the countries and accuses Seoul of
continuously reopening the book on the issues. But it's hard for South Korea's
government to make major concessions on history issues because of heightened
public resentment of Japan's brutal colonial rule of Korea from 1910 to 1945.
"If these aren't resolved, Japan will pressure South Korea again and South
Korea will talk about (the termination) of GSOMIA again," Go said.
South Korea's decision to keep the GSOMIA alive will almost certainly
trigger a furious reaction from North Korea, which has accelerated its missile
tests in recent months while continuing to expand its ability to strike targets
in South Korea and Japan.
Some experts have said the decision could also provoke Beijing, which
suspended Chinese group tours to South Korea and took other retaliatory
measures after South Korea agreed to host a new U.S. anti-missile system in
2016.
It took years for the United States to persuade South Korea and Japan to
sign the GSOMIA, which was designed to facilitate direct intelligence-sharing
between the Asian U.S. allies.
The agreement, which complemented a three-way 2014 deal that allowed Seoul
and Tokyo to pass information on North Korea's nuclear weapons and missiles via
Washington, was seen as a major symbol of cooperation in coping with the
growing North Korean threat and balancing China's growing influence.
GSOMIA made it easier for South Korea to access information gathered by
Japan's intelligence satellites, radar, patrol planes and other high-tech
systems, which are critical for analyzing North Korean missile tests and
submarines.
For Japan, the agreement with South Korea had value because its military
sensors are positioned to detect North Korean launches sooner, and also because
of information the country gathers from spies, North Korean defectors and other
human sources.
Visiting Seoul last week, U.S. Defense Secretary Mark Esper said the
agreement allows fast and effective information exchanges between the three
countries which would be crucial in times of war. He said friction between the
two U.S. allies would only benefit North Korea and China.
(KR)
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